Daim tawv nqaij mob khees-xaws thiab daim tawv nqaij melanoma yog ntawm cov mob khees xaws tshaj plaws niaj hnub no. Tsuas yog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ntsuas tus kheej tuaj yeem txo cov ntaub ntawv tu siab. Alexander Kazmin, kws phais mob-dermato-oncologist ntawm thawj qeb, tus thawj coj ntawm oncology department ntawm Voronezh Oncology Dispensary 2, tau hais rau AiF-Chernozem txog kev suav sau xam tus mob melanoma thiab tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm tus kab mob txaus ntshai.
Nws yog lub sijhawm los ua lub tswb nrov
Faina Mania, AiF-Chernozemye: Alexander Ivanovich, tus neeg tuaj yeem soj ntsuam tus mob melanoma lossis nqaij tawv puas tau?
Alexander Kazmin: Yog lawm nws tuaj yeem, vim hais tias muaj tus kab mob no pom. Cov no yog lub sij hawm ntev uas tsis kho kom zoo rau daim tawv nqaij uas ua paug, kho, thiab ua pob txha. Thiab yog li hauv ib lub voj voog. Raws li rau melanoma, cov no mas cov xim muaj xim uas tsim los ntawm cov tawv nqaij huv thiab txawv ntawm cov moles uas twb muaj lawm, lossis muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm cov qub mole - nws cov xim, cov duab, qhov loj me, mob thiab los ntshav tshwm sim. Thaum ib tus neeg pom qhov tsaus ntuj tshiab ntawm nws cov tawv nqaij, txawm tias 5-6 hli, uas maj mam pib loj tuaj, koj yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob sai. Muaj tus txheej txheem tsis muaj kev mob tsis txaus kiag - dermatoscopy, uas tso cai siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los tshuaj xyuas daim tawv nqaij hauv qab kev pom tseeb thiab txheeb xyuas cov cim tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim kev tsis zoo. Koj tuaj yeem lees paub cov mob melanoma, lossis, hloov rov qab, tsis lees paub nws. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom muab tshuaj kho kom ncav sijhawm. Zoo hmoo, muaj tsawg dua thiab tsawg dua cov neeg mob uas tsis mloog zoo rau tus neeg loj mole. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis yog tsuas yog kws kho mob ntawm cov kws tshaj lij sib txawv - kws kho hniav, kws kho hniav, kws kho pob zeb thiab lwm tus - tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas cov qauv tsim, tab sis kuj cov neeg mob lawv tus kheej tau ceev faj. Kev tshawb nrhiav hauv lwm lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb tau qhia tias kev kuaj pom tus kheej hauv qhov teeb meem no ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias tus kab mob pib tshawb pom ntau dua nyob rau theem thaum ntxov. Muaj tsawg dua tus neeg mob nrog cov ntawv qib siab, yog li ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo rov qab los. Peb muaj ntau tus neeg mob uas nrhiav kev pab thaum ntxov, lawv tau ua haujlwm, thiab kev kho mob tas mus rau qhov zoo siab.
- Nws hloov tawm tias tsis muaj cov ntawv latent ntawm tus kab mob hauv melanoma?
- Nws tuaj yeem pom zoo tsuas yog hauv qee cov kab mob dermatological, xws li psoriasis lossis dermatitis ntawm qee yam ntawv. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, qhov mob ua paug ntawm qhov mob qog nqaij daim tawv yog sab nraud zoo ib yam li cov kab mob saum toj no. Thiab ntawm no nws tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus kws kho mob koom nrog kev soj ntsuam los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv lub sijhawm, tsim kev kuaj mob thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, xa mus rau oncologist mus kho.
Sunbathe hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo
- Yuav tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm tus mob txaus ntshai?
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov ua tau txhua hnub hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Koj yuav tsum zais los ntawm lub hnub nyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo, tiv thaiv koj tus kheej nrog khaub ncaws thiab pleev. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov vitamins uas ua rau tag nrho kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Raws li rau cov vitamin D3, nws yuav tsum tau tsim tawm maj mam nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Kev rog dhau thiab tus cwj pwm tsis zoo kuj ua rau muaj tus kabmob.
- Yog li nws puas zoo dua tsis ua rau sunbathe txhua?
- Koj tuaj yeem sunbathe tsuas yog sawv ntxov ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj - tom qab 5-6 teev. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau sunbathe hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo hauv qab lub kaus thiab pleev nrog tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Tab sis koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab tsuas yog siv lub qab zib - nws tsis tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij los ntawm 100%. Tsuas yog cov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem tiv thaiv - khaub ncaws, kaus mom, tsom iav, ntxoov ntxoo.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub hnub yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom noj maj mam. Vim li cas thiaj muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog nqaij hlav ntau ntxiv tom qab lub caij ntuj no mus rau Thaib Teb lossis lwm lub tebchaws kub kub? Rau qhov laj thawj no. Nyob hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb ci ultraviolet, qee qhov kev txawv txav ntawm caj ces muaj tshwm sim hauv cov tawv nqaij hlwb. Thaum ib tus neeg hlawv, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob melanoma yuav muaj ntau dua yav tom ntej. Yog lawm, Vitamin D3, uas ib txwm ua nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tib lub duab hluav taws xob ultraviolet, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau. Tab sis feem ntau nws cia li tsis muaj sij hawm los ua haujlwm ua ntej peb hlawv. Muaj ntau tus neeg mob melanoma hauv lub teb chaws Scandinavian - Sweden, Finland. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab lawv tsis muaj lub hnub ntau, tau tshav ntuj. Yog vim li cas? Tsuas yog vim lawv mus ntau, mus rau tej tebchaws kub, uas lawv tau hlawv sai sai. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia qhov sib txheeb ntawm cov kab mob thiab theem ntawm cov vitamin D3 hauv daim tawv nqaij. Yog li ntawd, thaum peb ya mus rau lub teb chaws sov lossis npaj txawm rau lub caij ntuj sov, peb tsis txhob maj nrawm tshav nyob rau thawj hnub. Cia cov tawv nqaij maj mam siv nws, tom qab ntawd cov vitamin D3 yuav muaj sijhawm los tsim thiab yuav tiv thaiv daim tawv ntxiv ntawm kev hlawv. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm tias koj tau kub hnyiab thaum me nyuam yaus, nws tuaj yeem rov qab los yoo hauv 10, 15, 20 xyoo.
- melanoma sai sai li cas?
- Tsawg heev - dhau ob peb xyoos. Tab sis kev mob qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem tsim ntau caum xyoo. Koj nug tus neeg mob nrog oncology: "Koj puas nyiam tshav ntuj?" Thiab nws teb tias: "Kuv tau nyiam kev hlub, tab sis 10 xyoo dhau los kuv tsis tau tawm mus nyob hauv tshav hlo li." Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas hlub rau lub hnub backfired xyoo tom qab. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia qhov no txij thaum yau. Piv txwv li hauv tebchaws Australia, piv txwv, txoj kev pabcuam tau raug tswj ntawm theem theem txij li 1980s. Hauv qib hauv paus, cov duab kos duab yog qhia uas lawv qhia yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv daim tawv ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob. Muaj txawm tias cov lus hais tias "kis nrog lee, hnav thiab nkaum hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo." Ua tsaug rau cov haujlwm no, kev ceevfaj ntawm cov pejxeem tau nce ntxiv, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qog nqaij hlav nqaij tau tsawg dua. Vim li ntawd, lawv ntxov paub kho tus kab mob zoo dua li peb tus.
- Leej twg muaj feem yuav kis kabmob?
- Cov neeg nrog daim tawv nqaij ua ntej thiab zaum thib ob - cov tawv nqaij ncaj ncees, lub teeb lossis plaub hau liab, xiav ntsej muag, nrog quav hnav. Kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo yog cov uas tau muaj mob qog nqaij daim tawv lossis mob melanoma hauv lawv tsev neeg lossis cov txheeb ze. Hmoov tsis zoo, feem ntau muaj tus kab mob tau los ntawm caj ces muaj raws caj ces. Ntxiv mus, ntxiv rau kev tiv tshav ntuj kub, tshuaj lom neeg lossis kub kub cuam tshuam rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhim kho tus kab mob. Kev kho ntev ntev nrog kev kho mob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm daim tawv nqaij hlav.
"Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj nrog lub hnub ci"
- Koj tsis tuaj yeem tawm ntawm lub lev, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tuag. Qhov no puas yog qhov tseeb lossis muaj tseeb?
- Ib hom mooj tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tau yog tias muaj kev kuaj mob lossis tshuaj pleev rau nws. Yog lawm, hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tau xub mus ntsib kws kho mob. Yog tias cov pwm no ib txwm nyob, tom qab ntawv tshem nws yuav tsis coj mus rau qhov tsis zoo. Thiab thaum ib tug neeg tos rau kev loj hlob ntawm melanoma, xav tias qhov no yog ib qho dog dig zoo, ces tej zaum nws yuav lig dhau lawm kom tshem nws.
- Alexander Ivanovich, puas yog nws tsis zoo rau mus xyuas solariums?
- Koj tuaj yeem siv lub hnub ci, tab sis ceev faj. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog kom tsis txhob overdo nws. Nco ntsoov nug koj tus thawj coj thaum lub teeb tau hloov tas lawm thiab yog tias lawv muaj daim ntawv pov thawj. Txhua lub teeb muaj qee lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thaum qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm ultraviolet spectrum tshwm sim. Cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab nws cov kev tsim dua tshiab ntxiv nyob ntawm qhov no. Yog tias peb rov mus rau cov duab tawv nqaij, tom qab ntawd blondes thiab redheads zoo dua tsis yoo. Thiab yog tias koj tseem mus rau hauv solarium, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum pib nrog lub sijhawm yam tsawg kawg, nce nws maj mam. Los ntawm txoj kev, rau qee cov kab mob dermatological, solarium yog tsim nyog rau cov neeg mob rau kev kho mob. Tab sis yog tias koj pib mus rau lub solarium thiab pom qhov tsis zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij, koj yuav tsum tso tseg qhov kev ua sai sai thiab sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Feem ntau, hauv qee lub tebchaws txawv tebchaws, lub hnub ci qis raug txwv tom qab nws tau ua pov thawj tias nrog lub hnub ci ntawm lub hnub ci, qhov tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij nce ntxiv. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, kev tshawb nrhiav tsis tau coj los ua.
Lwm qhov xav paub uas tau tshwm sim lub sijhawm tshawb fawb nyob hauv Europe yog tias tom qab ziab cov gel txhuam nrog ultraviolet teeb, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim lub ntsej muag ploj zuj zus tuaj. Tam sim no, txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau niaj hnub LED teeb siv. Nkawd tseem nyab xeeb. Yog li, thaum koj mus ua manicure, nug dab tsi cov teeb koj siv kom qhuav rau tes. Ultraviolet, ntxiv rau hauv cov tanning cov khw txiav, yuav tsum tau hloov qee zaus.
- Puas yog cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo nkauj rau lub ntsej muag - nti, piv txwv?
- Ntawm daim tawv nqaij huv thiab yog tias tsis muaj moles ntawm lub ntsej muag, ces txhua yam zoo. Thiab yog tias muaj cov moles uas cov plaub hau loj tuaj, tshuaj pleev tshuaj tsis zoo. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau nws rov qab yug los. Thiab nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tsis txhob rub tawm cov plaub mos los ntawm mole. Lawv tsuas tuaj yeem ua kom zoo zoo ntawm tus ntsia thawv txiab, tab sis tsis rub tawm.
Lub ntsiab yog cwj pwm
- Kab mob khees xaws rau daim tawv puas tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev txiav txim?
- Tau kawg tsis. Muaj ntau cov piv txwv zoo thaum tib neeg kov yeej tus kab mob. Thiab ntawm no ntau nyob ntawm tsis txawm nyob ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab cov tshuaj tau hais tseg, tab sis nyob ntawm tus neeg mob lub siab. Kuv tau pom ntau zaus hauv kuv cov kev coj ua thaum ib tus neeg mob txo nws txhais tes, thiab nws tau muaj kev nce qib sai heev hauv thawj ntu. Thiab tseem muaj qhov ua piv txwv, thaum cov neeg mob nyob rau xyoo nrog metastatic melanoma raws li tib neeg, piv txwv li, muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus. Tib neeg tus cwj pwm zoo rau txoj kev rov qab los ua rau qhov tseeb hais tias lub cev nws tus kheej tua cov kabmob. Los ntawm txoj kev, txhaj tshuaj tshiab-oncological yog npaj los pib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob txhawm rau tua cov qog nqaij hlav uas hloov kho. Ntawd yog, nws hloov tawm tias nws tsis yog cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv mob qog nqaij hlav, tab sis peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tshwm sim. Dab tsi hauv tib neeg lub taub hau kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Tus cwj pwm zoo ntxiv qhov txaus siab rov qab. Koj tsis tuaj yeem kaw koj tus kheej. Muaj cov pab pawg txawm nyob hauv kev sib koom tes uas cov neeg mob uas muaj tib yam kab mob sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus kws kho mob tuaj ntsib kev cia siab. Yog hais tias nws Dais tsis zoo, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua rau hu rau lwm tus kws tshaj lij. Peb nkag siab tias txawm hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem kho tus neeg mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txo qis, tsis ua rau nws tus mob hnyav.
Los ntawm txoj kev
Koj tuaj yeem sab laj nrog oncologists tau kev pab dawb hauv kev tsis tuaj yeem tawm ntawm koj lub tsev. Cov neeg tuaj yeem nqa duab yees duab ntawm lub mole lossis loj hlob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab xa nws ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv zej tsoom rau cov kws kho mob. Hauv kev teb, lawv yuav raug muab lub sijhawm ua ntej thiab qhia seb nws puas yuav tsum tau hu rau cov kws tshaj lij ntawm cov teebmeem no lossis tsis yog. Instagram profile - oncodermatologist.